Favorite Ornamental Plants Indonesian Society's

Favorite ornamental plants Indonesian society's Gardening plants is one of my hobbies. it start when ornamental plants like Adenium and aglaonema become popular., I also collect some ornamental plants ranging from Aglaonema, Adenium, Euphorbia, Petunias, orchids, and gloxinia. Gardening plants is one of my hobbies. it start when ornamental plants like Adenium and aglaonema become popular., I also collect some ornamental plants ranging from Aglaonema, Adenium, Euphorbia, Petunias, orchids, and gloxinia. ornamental plants can enhance your home or garden view, many people make the ornamental plants as well as for entertainment or hobby. The following are some plants that became a favorite in Indonesian society: 1. Orchid Orchid plants easily found in homes as an ornamental plant pages. This plant is much preferred by all walks of life, beautiful flowers, colorful indeed casting charm. Orchids can be planted around the house or yard or garden that is under a shade tree or with a given paranet or the like by setting a certain light intensity or on open land. According to records, the potential of indigenous orchid germplasm from the archipelago of about 5 thousand species, and not to 10 percent of which are cultivated commercially. 2. sanseviera this plant in Indonesia is known as "lidah mertua" The choice of Sansevieria is a succulent plant that has since loudly and pointed taper leaf is a plant that has been proven to reduce air pollution, because it absorbs toxic substances such as carbon dioxide, benzene, formaldehide & trichlorethylene. It is reputedly based on NASA research in collaboration with the ALCA (Source Wikipedia). Moreover, even this plant easily grown and adaptable to its environment. The leaves contain water which causes the "lidah mertua" is drought resistant, but in the wet / humid to grow more fertile. 3. Aglaonema Aglaonema otherwise known as "Sri rejeki", this plant became popular after crossbreeding. the beutiful Aglonema was located on the color of the leaves are mottled mozaik. in some species, these plants have leaves with a mixture of red, brown, yellow, slightly green, somewhat whitish mozaik. Aglaonema composition and appearance such as the famous Indonesian origin is Aglao Pride of Sumatra and Donna carmen. Aglao Pride of Sumatra and Donna carmen is result of crossbreeding. 4. Adenium Adenium also known as "kamboja jepang". Adenium unique shape is mainly because these plants have a root weevil. Moreover, if the flowering, beautiful. Now many cruciferous Adenium featuring flowers with many colors. But unfortunately, if at all flowering, the next-awaited new long flowering. . In fact, Adenium flowers can be made over time. 5. Euphorbia Euphorbia life normally in hot and dry place. Euphorbia flower shape resembles a figure "eight" with a variations. Crown of flowers there is a round, pointed round, oval, and heart-shaped with the position of each pile, cross or intersect. Not only the shape, flower size was no small-sized shirt button up for coins. you can also visit my anoter articles: Gloxinia is My Favorite Flower Euphorbia Milii Have Beautiful and Unique Flower The Most Beautiful and Charming Aglaonema Mt Bromo is The Beautiful Mount in East Java Souerce : © Copyright 2008 - 2011 Webika Ltd. All Rights Reserved. v. 3.0.1 / 20110131 (w2)

http://www.trubus-online.com

Aglaonema: New Techniques, New Opportunities Trubus Infokit Aglaonema: New Techniques, New Opportunities comprehensively presents 203 top local aglaonema hybrids of Indonesia and Thailand, and the mutations, in addition to the latest various techniques of aglaonema cultivation, including the art of nursing and propagation. As an example, the art to propagate progenies up to 15 progenies by way of sun drying technique. It also discusses how to spur roots production using fermented media and fertilization or a simple home scale tissue culture method. Likewise, the criteria of prime aglaonemas and the trick to shape and polish aglaonemas so as to be extraordinary are thoroughly analyzed. * The secrets behind ideal figures * 203 hybrids of Indonesia & Thailand * White, dense & healthy roots with fermented media * The method to generate 15 progenies * Increase value through figure * 7 Propagation techniques * Tissue culture in the kitchen * Conquering 9 eminent enemies full color 224 pages | Hard Cover | Price US$17.00 Marketing: Eny Pujiastuti PT Trubus Swadaya, Jl. Mekarsari Raya No. 15 Cimanggis Depok 16452 Tel. +62-21-8729060, Fax. +62-21-8729059 Copyright © 2011 Trubus Online. All Rights Reserved. Designed by JoomlArt.com. Joomla! is Free Software released under the GNU/GPL License.

http://www.villaanggrek.com

villa in bali VILLAS Villa Anggrek has three air-conditioned bedrooms that sleep up to six people, all with private en-suite bathrooms and with a harmonious blend of contemporary luxury with genuine Indonesian furniture and ornaments made from chic-looking recycled woods. The villa also comprises a homey family living room with high ceiling, a cozy dining area with 8 seats, a modern fully-equipped western kitchen, private massage room upstairs with its own bathroom, an infinity edge swimming pool, nice garden with tropical native plant life and flowers, a day gazebo with 6 sun beds, barbeque facilities, as well as state-of-the-art fixtures, fittings and appliances combined with numerous exotic works of art. First Bedroom The roomy first bedroom is situated on the ground floor. It has a direct access to the swimming pool allowing the guests to embrace the sunrise, the fresh breath on the garden, and tropical breezes from the moment they wake up in the morning till the sun goes down to the horizon. The first bedroom encompasses a four-foster king-sized bed with mosquito net, air condition, spacious en-suite bathroom, closet, dressing room made from the nice looking recycled woods, as well as hand basin, bathtub, and outdoor shower. In the room, the guests will be astonished with the unfinished-look woods throughout the room, from the big dressing room with Buddha’s sliding door, to sonokelin wood flooring. All are supported with elegant Indonesian furniture, lively ornamentation and genuine artworks that bring about a stylish, comfortable, and intimate feel to the room. A big Geisha painting hangs on the wall, results in really warm touch and tasteful appearance to the room. The room has fruitfully transported the guests to a carefree and relaxed atmosphere. Second Bedroom The second bedroom is situated on the ground floor, with the direct access to the swimming pool and refreshing garden. This bedroom is attached by four-foster king-sized bed with mosquito net, air condition, high ceiling, merbau wood flooring, private en-suite bathroom which is designed using roof-tiles for its wall. There is a painting picturing a Balinese girl and large mirror on the wall. Apparently the room makes optimal use of rich natural resources obtained from Bali and other islands in Indonesia. The expressive-looking recycled materials have been crafted into distinctive architectural finishes, resulting in fascinating look in the room. In the second bedroom, all the pieces of furniture are also made from natural material, such as refined teak wood and wicker. All have been meticulously selected by the owner to create a comfortable retreat for the guests to relax in. In regard to en-suite bathroom, the bathtub, closet, and outdoor shower are enclosed to give the guests a chance to enjoy comfortable wash. Indeed, the second bedroom offers an elegant, classy, and down-to-earth atmosphere. Third Bedroom The third bedroom is situated on the ground floor, with direct access to the swimming pool as well. The essence of this room is minimalist-elegance in distinct flavor. The room is artistically appointed and equipped with a double bed with mosquito net, air condition, and en-suite bathroom featuring an indoor shower and closet. The arts and ornamentation in the bathroom include a state-of-the-art cupboard which will surprise the beholders due to the fact that it has been designed using the old small ship that has been transformed into a functional cupboard where the guests may put toiletries and bathroom amenities. Definitely the cupboard has created a dramatic viewing effect into the bathroom, something favorable to enjoy. What a place it is! Each structure in the third bedroom has been carefully selected by the owner to become one with the surroundings. The owner has been very consistent in choosing only the best and high quality materials in the furniture on display, such as the teak flooring, the monumental teak door, and the recycled teak wardrobe, all are fused with modern appliances. The efforts to fully utilize the resources from outside of Bali can also be seen. The bedroom embodies the spirit of showing architecture which is full of arts that gives not only the true beauty to take pleasure in, but also an optimal utility for the guests staying here. Massage Room Upstairs There is a private massage air-conditioned room upstairs that comprises of one comfortable spa bed with a big Balinese sofa. The flooring uses unfinished-look wood to give the sense of nature. The seasoned Balinese spa therapist itself can be arranged by request. The massage room is attached by en-suite bathroom, including toilet and indoor shower. The warm ambiance makes it the perfect retreat to experience the traditional massages rituals and body treatments for which Bali is extremely popular in the world. A terrace overlooks the swimming pool and garden, making it a great place to enjoy afternoon tea or coffee. To be sure, it is such a perfect sanctuary to spoil and pamper your body and mind. Family Living The family living at Villa Anggrek is an ideal space for reading your favorite book which so far you just read its summary without having enough time to read it. A large living set consists of 2 big 3-seat sofas with 2 arm chairs, making it a very comfortable space to just chill out together with your family while enjoying movies together. I-Pod dock has been provided to be a great way to enjoy music. One LCD multi-channel TV and DVD player have made the family living an entertainment hub. All have been provided for your enjoyment while staying at Villa Anggrek. Apart from that, the unique monumental vases with flowers and orchids appear as the nice things you will always remember after your stay at villa Anggrek. Kitchen and Dining Area The dining area is under the same building with the modern western kitchen and the family living. The high ceiling is enclosed with three ceiling fan, and especially in the dining area, the owner has innovatively set big round hanging lamps to create the more dramatic lighting sensations at nights as well as to add more aesthetic element to the entire space. The contemporary western style kitchen provides cooking utensils, including a coffee maker, modern gas hob, toaster, gas hob, refrigerator, oven, juicer, toaster, rice cooker, water dispenser, as well as breakfast bar with artistic old teak bar stools. Barbeque In the garden at Villa Anggrek, a complete barbeque facility has been provided so that the guests can make their own barbeque at anytime with the assistance of the staff. Swimming Pool and Garden Built on 4.5 are of land, Villa Anggrek has one 4x8m swimming pool in the middle of the tropical garden. The pool is just awesome to dip at day or night, while enjoying the native flora in the garden. There are six sun-beds are placed on a wide merbau wood deck by the pool to accommodate six guests seeking out the fresh breezes while enjoying light snacks and enjoyable cocktails, or while reading your favorite books. A day gazebo is built on the edge of the pool, not only as accessory but also as highly functional element to give the guests a full bliss. villa for rent in bali bali villa rental bali villa for rent baliBali Villa AnggrekLocationStaffing and ServicesVilla FacilitiesEvent / FunctionsUnique FactsPhoto GalleryRatesTems and Conditionsvilla menu right Villa Anggrek © 2009. All Rights Reserved Web design by: Bali Web Design

http://www.tropicalorchidfarm.com

Welcome Here at TOF we work very hard to cultivate some of the finest orchid species available anywhere in the world. Our location on the North Shore of Maui provides an ideal environment for producing unusual and well-grown orchid species, as well as a few interesting hybrids. Modern delivery methods (Federal Express) insure timely and guaranteed safe arrival of plants anywhere in the continental U.S. More details about ordering from TOF are available under Ordering Information. We invite you to visit the Orchids section to review our current offerings (or try the Index if you'd like to see all our offerings on one page, ordered by genera). Order online or call us Toll-Free. Enjoy the exceptional photography of Masako Cordray found in our Gallery and the interesting and hopefully informative articles, written from our viewpoint, available in the Articles section. We hope you find this site a useful resource and check back often. Aloha and thanks for your interest in Tropical Orchid Farm. Cattleya lawrenceana x self. Cattleya lawrenceana x self. Learn More Cirrhopetalum pulchrum. Cirrhopetalum pulchrum. Learn More Gongora escabariana Currently Featuring: TOF2853 Gongora escabariana Colombia. New item just listed!. 23rd Annual Fall Sale Now Underway! Our Fall Sale is the event that our customers enjoy the most - and we enjoy it too! It is a win-win for everyone, and a win for orchid conservation as well. Our website has just been updated and our shopping cart can process Sale items. Orchid species enthusiasts know that this is the very best time to get high quality plants for the lowest possible prices. Prices on regular catalog items are reduced 15% – 30%. New items (not on sale)have also been added! All items on sale appear together in a special area of the website (Click on Sale! at the top of the homepage to see just the Sale items). Or as you scroll through the catalog section of the website, the Sale prices and the Regular prices both appear. Aloha Team T.O.F. Purchase Gongora escabariana Ordering Information Tropical Orchid Farm, Inc. • P.O. Box 170 • Haiku, Maui, HI 96708 • Toll Free (866) 572-8569 • Fax (808) 572-8917 © 2002-2010 Tropical Orchid Farm, Inc. All rights reserved. It is illegal to copy or otherwise distribute any of the content or photography on this site for personal, commercial or any other use.77

Desain Taman Tropis Minimalis

Taman tropis minimalis dikreasikan dengan menggabungkan unsur minimalis dan tanaman tropis. Bagaimana menggabungkan kedua jenis desain taman yang unsurnya sangat berbeda tersebut agar terlihat harmonis? Di sinilah keahlian Sang Arsitek Taman punya peranan penting. Taman minimalis didominasi dengan menampilkan garis-garis tegas di hardscape. Untuk memberikan kesan hijau, maka ditambahkan tanaman tropis di taman minimalis tersebut. Unsur minimalis dapat dilihat pada bentuk gazebo yang terkesan ringan, kolam ikan, stepping stone pada kolam dan taman yang berbentuk segi empat / bersudut. Tanaman tropis yang dipakai pada taman tropis minimalis tersebut antara lain: Palem Sadeng (Livistona rotundifolia), Neoregelia, Pacing, Bromeliad, Bambu kuning Bali, dan Kamboja yang ditanam di pinggir kolam, Thunbergia Grandiflora yang berbunga putih ditanam di Gazebo. Tanaman tropis yang dipilih tentu saja mempertimbangkan beberapa hal antara lain tanaman yang pertumbuhan dan perawatannya gampang sesuai dengan lingkungan tropis Indonesia serta memberikan kesan indah dan sejuk. Bahasan lengkap mengenai taman tropis minimalis di atas dapat dilihat pada majalah Garden, edisi 37, April 2010. Back to top | Bookmark this page Mintalah konsultasi on site atau perkiraan biaya untuk rencana taman indah anda Link Directory Contact Landscape Architect: +62-21-680-00075, +62-21-816-753168 Copyright (c) 2011 All Right Reserved - Bestlandscaping and gardening

Faces of Bali - Bedugul Garden

Located on a high plateau at the center of Bali island. Cool air and mists are natural for the place. It’s a center of horticultural farming. you’ll find plenty of fruits and vegetables here.

There are 3 lakes around Bedugul, Bratan, Buyan, and Tamblingan. Bratan, the largest of the three is perfect place for water sport activities such as para sailing, motor boating, jet skiing, water skiing, canoeing, etc.

Lake Buyan and Tamblingan are more quiet and tranquil. People only canoeing and fishing here. Lake Tamblingan is even more remote than the two. We can reach the lake only through unpaved road, so people usually come here on foot.

Bedugul fertile soil also produced abundance of plants and trees, some of them formed rain forests with their exotic birds, monkeys, and other creatures.

Perhaps, Bedugul is the last remaining tropical forest of the island. The Eka Karya botanical garden has 650 species of trees and unique collection of ferns and orchids. This is favourite place of Balinese in enjoying their holiday. This is another place to retreat from the heat of the coast, to fish, or to wander through the lovely botanical gardens. As Kintamani is to Bangli, so is Bedugul became one of Tabanan’s main points of interest. This crisp mountain town boasts three crater lakes, which are hemmed by untamed jungle and patchworks of market gardens, and the tepid water of which sends a mist into the icy air above the surface.

Source: fortunatur.com
Tags: Culture, birds, boating, forest, garden, lake, fish, island, Farming, cool, high, Bali, faces, fruits, exotic, foot, Horticultural, center, here, canoeing, find, activities, botanical, formed, also, around, come, even, abundance, Fertile, Bedugul, Bratan, Buyan
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Mengatasi Dormansi Pada Caladium

Mengatasi Dormansi Pada Caladium
Ditulis oleh Newsroom
Rabu, 02 Januari 2008 09:22
Caladium atau keladi hias merupakan salah satu kerabat philodendron dan alokasia yang memiliki variasi keindahan bentuk, corak, dan warna daun yang sangat beragam. Di sinilah letak daya tarik caladium.

Meskipun demikian, sayangnya tanaman ini dikenal sebagai tanaman yang sulit menghasilkan daun dalam jumlah banyak secara serempak. Bahkan, dalam kondisi lingkungan yang tidak menguntungkan atau ketika cara perawatannya salah, caladium tidak akan mengeluarkan tunas dan berhenti tumbuh sementara (dormansi).

Dormansi merupakan salah satu cara bagi caladium untuk bertahan hidup dalam kondisi lingkungan yang tidak menguntungkan. Untuk caladium yang dipelihara, dormansi bisa muncul pada musim kemarau atau saat kekurangan air siraman. Tak hanya itu, media tanam yang terlalu keras dan padat juga bisa memicu dormansi.

Saat dormansi, masih banyak hobiis tanaman hias yang mengira bahwa caladium yang dimilikinya telah mati, padahal tidak. Bagi para breeder tanaman hias, keadaan dormansi sering dimanfaatkan untuk melakukan perbanyakan tanaman atau merawat umbinya agar pada periode pertumbuhan berikutnya memunculkan daun dengan jumlah yang lebih banyak.

Selain berfungsi sebagai alat perkembangbiakan, sebelum masa dormansi terjadi, umbi caladium juga bermanfaat sebagai "gudang" penimbun cadangan makanan yang akan digunakan untuk melakukan pertumbuhan saat masa dormansi tiba.

Itu sebabnya, semakin besar ukuran umbi semakin lama juga waktu dormansinya. Keadaan inilah yang harus diatasi. Pasalnya, jumlah cadangan makanan yang ada di dalam umbi sangat terbatas sehingga dikhawatirkan caladium akan mati jika terlalu lama dormansi.

Nah, jika Anda memiliki caladium yang akan mengalami dormansi, jangan khawatir karena sebenarnya masa dormansi ini bisa dipercepat. berikut ini adalah caranya:

Umbi caladium dikeluarkan dari media tanam, ditaruh di dalam wadah yang kering dan bersih kemudian diletakkan di tempat yang teduh dan sejuk. Biarkan umbi sampai tumbuh tunas. Namun, tunas pertama yang muncul harus segera dipotong dengan menggunakan pisau yang tajam dan steril. Pemotongan tunas ini akan merangsang pertumbuhan tunas lain dalam jumlah yang lebih banyak. Setelah itu, umbi caladium bisa segera ditanam kembali. Biasanya sekitar dua minggu kemudian sudah tumbuh tunas baru yang muncul ke atas permukaan media tanam.
Umbi cadangan dikeluarkan dari media tanam, lalu direndam di dalam larutan hormon penumbuh seperti Happy Gro. Perendaman dilakukan selama 15 menit dengan tujuan merangsang pertumbuhan tunas. Setelah itu umbi dapat ditanam kembali dan sisa larutan hormon dapat disiramkan ke media tanam. Usahakan media tanam selalu dalam keadaan lembap. Untuk itu pot dapat disungkup dengan plastik transparan, lalu diletakkan di tempat yang teduh, sejuk, dan agak gelap. Satu sampai dua minggu kemudian biasanya sudah tumbuh tunas yang muncul ke atas permukaan media tanam.

Mengatasi masalah dormansi pada caladium ini merupakan salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan pesona caladium Anda yang ditulis oleh Nurheti Yuliarti dalam buku Caladium; Pesona Sang Sayap Bidadari.

Melalui buku yang diterbitkan oleh AgroMedia Pustaka ini, Anda juga dapat menemukan berbagai informasi seputar cara merawat, mananam, memperbanyak, dan mempercantik penampilan caladium.
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Why grow Organic?

Want to start gardening organically and grow your own organic food, but don't know where to start? This site is for anybody who wants to grow their own food: organic vegetables, organic fruit and, last but not least, organic herbs. You can save money, pick dinner from your own garden, and get the most delicious fruit and veg you've ever tasted - your very own 'work of art'.
OK, but why Organic?

The joy of walking out onto your own patch and picking leaves, fruit and roots to be eaten straight away is even greater when you don't have to wash the chemicals off first. For the other Top 10 reasons given in a straw poll conducted in November 2004, click here.

You may feel that growing your own produce is difficult enough, without adding to the problems by using organic gardening techniques. Well, you pays your money and you takes your choice, as they say, but for me, there are several reasons for going the whole hog:

* You don't have to handle all sorts of noxious chemicals, wear special gear to use them, and all that
* Organically grown vegetables taste much better
* It's not really that much more work, the methods are different, but no more difficult
* Organically grown vegetables are better for you (higher vitamin content, no chemical residue)
* If you grew it, you know it's not genetically modified
* Growing without chemicals is better for the environment

But the real Top of the Heap, First Class, Number One reason, as far as I'm concerned is:

* Why go to all that effort to produce a clone of cheap factory-produced (and chemically treated) food? Much better in my very humble opinion to grow the (otherwise expensive) better quality stuff!

Eat more fruit and veg for health

The British Government is always telling us to eat more healthily. They say everybody should consume a minimum of five portions of fruit and vegetables every day.

But how many chemicals are there in that much conventionally farmed produce?

Organic fruit and veg may be hard to find at a decent price. And if you do find a lower cost supplier, often the organic produce that is on offer is not very attractive. It may be better for you — but sometimes it looks horrible, not at all appetising.

So what's the solution?
A shock, and a realisation

Around about 1992, I had two young children, aged 2 and 4 years. I was trying to give them a healthy diet, and they loved carrots. Every day they would grab at least one carrot each from the vegetable rack, sometimes more. I was pleased. "They're getting good fibre, vitamins, stuff for their eyesight, and the chewing is good for their teeth," I thought.

Hah.

I was watching the news one day, when a very strange item came on (like something out of a science fiction story, I thought at the time). The Government was issuing a Health Warning on... carrots!!! Apparently, because of a rise in some pest or other (I know now it was carrot fly), farmers had been using huge amounts of pesticide chemicals, so much so, that the carrots produced contained dangerous amounts. The advice was to peel them before use.

To say I was surprised by this announcement would be an understatement — stunned more like, not to say angry. My kids were being subjected to high levels of chemicals, not just from carrots, but presumably from all sorts of other supposedly 'healthy' food. And there was no way to tell: you certainly couldn't distinguish a carrot full of pesticides from one that wasn't, just by looking at it.

I also realised something else: carrots are a root vegetable. And if a root is surrounded by something, it takes it in and absorbs it, like a sponge. So peeling a carrot wasn't going to do much good, if the problem was an excessive level of chemicals.

I was living in an area with no organic retail outlets. The only supermarket was KwikSave. I had no transport. The only solution was to grow my own. So that is what I did — with no previous experience of gardening (apart from my cactus collection, if you count that). If you've got a good enough reason, you can do anything - even start organic gardening from scratch.

I went to work to build a garden. With no prior experience, and a yard covered in very old broken concrete (definitely a blessing in disguise), infested with blackberries (if you've never tried to eradicate them, you won't realize what a menace they are in the wrong place), and nothing but an old wheelbarrow and a bucket for transporting rubble - and I couldn't lift the wheelbarrow when it was full!

So, if you have any experience of gardening, or none, I can show you how to get started. Exactly what to do, in English, not garden jargon (you will get to know what the terms mean, but to start with they are too confusing).





©2004 Frann Leach. All rights reserved.

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Floriculture

Floriculture, or flower farming, is a discipline of horticulture concerned with the cultivation of flowering and ornamental plants for gardens and for floristry, comprising the floral industry. The development plant breeding of new varieties is a major occupation of floriculturists.

Floriculture crops include bedding plants, flowering plants, foliage plants or houseplants, cut cultivated greens, and cut flowers. As distinguished from nursery crops, floriculture crops are generally herbaceous. Bedding and garden plants consist of young flowering plants (annuals and perennials) and vegetable plants.

Flowers are mainly for export. This business is growing in the world at around 6-10 per cent per annum. In 2007 the size of the industry was $80 billion.


In spite of a long tradition of Agriculture and Floriculture, India's share in the international market for these flowers is negligible. During the last ten years, taking advantage of the incentives offered by the Government, a number of Floriculture units were established inIndia for producing and exporting flowers to the developed countries. Most of them were located near Mumbai, Bangalore and Delhi and obtained the technical know-how from Dutch and Israeli Consultants.

Flowers Show Karnataka is the leader in floriculture, accounting for 75% of India's total flower production. The state has the highest area under modern cut flowers, and 40 flower growing and exporting units. The country's first and only flower auction centre is located in Karnataka.
In Karnataka, there are 18,000 hectares under floriculture cultivation. Karnataka is into floriculture for over 300 years. The Tigala community near Devanahalli and Chickaballapur are extremely good at growing flowers.
In 2003 The International Flower Auction Bangalore (IFAB), the operating company controlled by growers, has taken over the operations of the flower auction centre run by the State-owned Karnataka Agro Industries Corporation (KAIC).


An agreement to this effect was signed between the representatives of the South India Floriculture Association (SIFA) and Managing Director of KAIC, in presence of the Development Commissioner and Additional Chief Secretary of Karnataka, Mr Vijay Gore, who is also the chairman of IFAB. SIFA has a 51 per cent stake in IFAB, while the small growers hold 16 per cent.

Karuturi Networks, a little known Bangalore company, is close to acquiring the Netherlands-based Sher, the world's largest producer and supplier of roses, for about $50 million (Rs 220 crore) to emerge as the global leader in roses. Sher's greenhouses in the Netherlands, Kenya and Ethiopia produce 600 million roses annually.
Universities and institutes which cater to Floriculture are,

* University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore
* Indian Institute of Horticultural Research , Bangalore
* AP Agricultural University
* Haryana Agricultural University
* Punjab Agricultural University
* College of Agriculture, Maharashtra

The high-value crops grown in green houses are cultivated under controlled conditions, protected from pests, diseases, wind and humidity. Popular flowers used in the modern floriculture that are in demand are roses, anthurium, gerbera, gladioli, orchids, carnations and bird of paradise grown in poly houses.

Flowers are also used for extracts for perfumes and natural dyes. Dry flowers are used for decoration. One can earn Rs 1 lakh per hectare per year from dry flowers. Nursery business - growing plants in pots and in production of seeds are also popular.

Floriculture offers careers in production, marketing, export and research. Jobs range from cultivation or growing flowers, to seed production, dry seed production, seed prodcution, marketing, decoration. National Horticulture Board helps one to establish a flori business. Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) helps entrepreneurs with cold storage facilities and freight subsidies.
Area and Production of Horticulture Crops in Karnataka - 2003-04
Sl. No. Name of the Crop Area in hectares Production in tons. Yield in Tons / hectare Value in lakh Rupees
COMMERCIAL FLOWER CROPS
1 Aster 710 6857 10 526
2 Crossandra 1624 7669 5 1882
3 Marigold 4583 49777 11 2222
4 Jasmine 3451 20244 6 8265
5 Chrysanthamum 2964 36294 12 3931
6 Tube Rose
a) Single 925 8122 9 1557
b) Double(lakh spikes) 121 996 8 265
7 Gladiolus(lakh spikes) 135 307 2 360
8 Rose (lakh flowers) 1530 3628 2 3041
9 Bird of Paradise (lakh flowers) 27 21 1 92
10 Golden Rod (lakh flowers) 27 85 3 39
11 Calla Lilly (lakh flowers) 9 14 2 3
(For Sl. No. 12 to 16 Area in units)
12 Orchids (lakh spikes) 2002 12 0.01 12
13 Carnation (lakh cut flowers) 38 186 5 1376
14 Anthurium (lakh cut flowers) 40 96 106 15
15 Gerbera (lakh cut flowers) 33 77 2 56
16 Statice
a) Free Flowering Variety (lakh cut flowers) 81 122 2 12
b) Seasonal Variety (lakh cut flowers) 45 58 1 5
17 Others 2075 14343 7 928
TOTAL - COMMERCIAL FLOWER CROPS 18182 143306 8 24681

To view State-Wise Area and Production of Flowers click here

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Volvariella

Volvariella, an important source of income
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By Anton S.M. Sonnenberg, Research Unit Manager, Genetics, Breeding and Bioactive Compounds, Applied Plant Research, mushroom research unit, The Netherlands

Indonesia is a large country with a population of more than 230 million people. With only 7 percent of the land area, Java is the most densely populated island, where more than 2/3 of the total population is located. Centuries of volcanic activity has given Java its fertile soil and explains in part the high activity in agriculture and the high population density. Here, Indonesian mushroom production is concentrated. Though small, the government intents to stimulate it for several good reasons.

The main agricultural products of Indonesia are rice, palm oil, coffee, tea, spices, sugar and natural rubber. For such a large country the production volume of mushroom is rather low. There are no reliable data on recent production volumes but it is estimated that the total production in 2000 was circa 60,000 tons. Approximately half of it is exported.

The production of mushrooms is almost completely concentrated on Java. Several species are produced, i.e. the rice straw mushroom (Volvariella spp.), oyster mushroom (Pleurotus spp.), shiitake (Lentinula edodes) and ear mushrooms (mainly Auricularia auricula). Ling Zhi or Ganoderma lucidum is produced on a small scale.

The majority of the producers are small farmers. There are only a few farms that produce white button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus ).These are larger companies and most of their mushrooms are exported.

With the enormous demand for food, mushroom production offers a good opportunity for many people to improve their income considerably. An increase in production can easily be absorbed by local markets. The Indonesian government intents, therefore, to stimulate mushroom production, not only for the internal market but also for the export.



The HORTIN project

This intension is partly materialized in a recently started project, HORTIN, financed by the Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD, Indonesia) and the Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food (LNV, Netherlands). Execution is vested in Plant Research International (PRI) and Applied Plant Research (PPO) in the Netherlands and the Indonesian Centre for Horticultural Research and Development (ICHORD).

One of the projects within HORTIN intents to improve the production of mushrooms in Indonesia. In order to support especially the smaller farmers, a cooperation is started between PPO and one of the institutes of ICHORD, i.e. the Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute (IVEGRI) in Lembang, Java. One of the goals of this program is to raise a research group at IVEGRI that can serve as a support for the mushroom producers and helps to further develop mushroom industry in Indonesia.

One of the problems in cultivation of mushrooms in Indonesia is the poor quality of source materials. Especially strains and inoculation materials for substrate (spawn) is of suboptimal quality. There are no local spawn suppliers and import of spawn is expensive. IVEGRI will set up a collection of strains for edible mushrooms that can serve as a reliable source of inoculum for spawn preparation. Next to this, IVEGRI will test different spawn and substrate formulations in order to improve the production levels.

At the start of the program several mushroom farms were visited by the Indonesian and Dutch project leaders. Here, an impression is given of the cultivation of the straw mushroom (Volvariella spp.) on Java with a large company and an association of small growers as an example.



PT Tuwuh Agung

The largest producer of straw mushrooms is PT Tuwuh Agung, a company near Yogjakarta, central Java. This company produces the species Volvariella esculenta. The site is very large and contains more than 350 sheds of considerable sizes (estimate more than 50 metres long, 5 layers in two rows). Only part of these sheds are used, with a total production of 10/12 tons a day.

The mushrooms are grown on compost made of rice straw as bulk material, supplemented with wastes of cassava, cotton or kapok. Chicken manure is also added as an important nitrogen source. Compost is made outdoors and pasteurised in the sheds by steaming. Compared to the white button mushroom the production cycle is short.

The company has a one on one relationship with the canning factory nearby in Yogjakarta where all mushrooms are canned and exported. This is an enormous advantage for this company, since the paddy straw mushroom has a short self life and has a lower price on the local market.

PT Tuwuh Agung produces also white button mushrooms (A. bisporus) with success. It is experimenting to recycle spent substrate of Volvariella cultivation in compost for the cultivation of the button mushroom.



Near Karawang

Volvariella species are very suitable for cultivation in warm areas and can be grown on small scale with low investments. It is, therefore, an excellent source of income for small farmers. A good example is the region near Karawang, east of Jakarta that harbours approximately 3000 straw mushroom farmers. Most farmers do not have more than one simple growing house made out of bamboo. They are very often organised in groups with a cooperate marketing of mushrooms. One of these groups is counselled by Dr George Surya Adinata of Pt. Tata Agro Nusantara Indah. He has taught groups of farmers how to build growing houses, to make compost and to grow these mushrooms.

The growers in the warm Karawang area (average temperature: 33 degrees Celsius) all grow Volvariella diplacia, a white straw mushroom. Because of the high temperature the cultivation is very fast. Since the region is known for its production of rice, the bulk ingredient for compost, i.e. rice straw, is easy to obtain. Additional ingredients that are used for composting are rice bran, gypsum and waste of cotton.

Raw materials are mixed and composted in a short time. While composting (six days), temperature goes up to 60 degrees Celsius and the heap is covered to prevent drying. The heap is mixed and watered every two days. Substrate is then transferred to a growing house and covered with coconut fibres. Growing houses consist of five layers in two rows. The space between the layers and the thickness of the substrate in each layer is chosen in such a way that each layer has approximately the same temperature, despite the lack of climate regulations. Substrate is pasteurised in the growing house for six hours at approximately 60 degrees Celsius. For this, farmers use a drum filled with water and heated by a fire under the drum. Three drums are used for one house. The steam is led into the house by a hose. Spawn is distributed on the substrate and spawn run for one week. After vegetative growth, fructification is induced by aeration and letting in more light. Farmers harvest during 14-21 days, twice a day.



Source of income

For the poor regions, the production of Volvariella can be an important source of income. The investment for one simple and small growing house is between $100 and $150. Such a house has a production capacity of 2.4 tons a year. This gives a grower a year income (after subtraction of production costs) of ca. $1700,-. Whereas this is half of the average year income per capita in Indonesia it is still more than most of their neighbours earn. Moreover, since the cultivation of these mushrooms in one growing house is not a full day’s work, it often will be an additional income.

Investments in these areas to increase the production of straw mushrooms seems, therefore, to be a good way to improve the income of the local population. The local market can easily absorb a substantial increase of production. The organization of farmers in groups is an excellent way to do this.

The aforementioned group lead by Dr George Surya Adinata is a good example. Spawn is made by Dr George Surya Adinata in a well equipped plant. Growers are taught how to build their growing house, how to make compost and how to grow. There is even a short course for house wives how to grow Volvariella on a very small scale on banana leaves. The stimulation of the cultivation of Volvariella would also be a contribution to the environmental problems since now much of the rice straw is just burned which attributes to air pollution.



Other species

The HORTIN project will run for at least four years and intents also to initiate projects in which Dutch and Indonesian companies participate. In a next article we will report on other mushrooms species that are produced in Indonesia. Volvariella is just an example of a species that is grown here. A number of other mushroom species that are cultivated also have high potentials in becoming a source of income and being a good source of protein in a country with a fast population growth, that has a high demand for non-expensive food.

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Potensi Ekspor Tanaman Hias Indonesia dalam Persaingan Pasar ekspor serta hasil realisasi Pemasaran Internasional 2010
08 Desember 2010 by Admin Pasar Internasional - Dilihat: 392

Keikutsertaan Indonesia pada beberapa event dalam kegiatan International Horticulture khususnya tanaman hias memberikan hasil yang sangat significant. Untuk agribisnis tanaman hias yang berdaya saing adalah agribisnis yang fleksibel dalam merespon dinamika pasar dan mampu memenuhi kebutuhan pasar secara efektif dan efisien. Efektif dalam pengertian jenis produk, kuantitas, kualitas dan kontinuitas pasokan sesuai dengan kebutuhan konsumen sedangkan efisien memiliki makna bahwa produk yang dipasarkan berharga lebih murah untuk kualitas dan segmen pasar yang sama. Untuk potensi tanaman hias di Indonesia yang dapat digali untuk ekspor seperti tanaman hias daun Dracaena, Palem. Tanaman hias taman seperti Sansievera, Pandan bali, Kamboja. Tanaman hias in door (dalam rumah) seperti Polycia, Raphis Excelsa, serta bunga potong dan anggrek. Tanaman Hias Indonesia seperti Sansievera juga banyak di ekspor ke Korea Selatan. Indonesia terutama untuk Pulau Jawa banyak sekali sentra tanaman hias. Artinya pelaku bisnis di dunia ini tak perlu diragukan lagi. Mereka yang tinggal di sentra-sentra penghasil tanaman hias kerap memetik keuntungan dari booming tanaman hias tertentu. berdasarkan hasil beberapa pameran Internasional untuk produk tanaman hias pada tahun 2009 dan 2010 yang memberikan dampak positif dalam kegiatan pameran yaitu:

1. Pameran Hori Fair, Amsterdam, Belanda, Oktober 2009, diperoleh pembeli dari Belanda dan Kuwait dari pembeli Belanda berhasil direalisasikan ekspor dengan nilai sebesar €21.000, jenis tanaman Raphis excelsa dan Sansiviera.Sedangkan pembeli dari Kuwait berhasil terealisasi ekspor dengan nilai sebesar US$42.000, jenis tanaman Raphis excels dan Aglaonema. Dari ke-2 pembeli dan realisasi transaksi tersebut, merupakan order awal dan saat ini sedang berlanjut pada order berikutnya.

2. Pameran Flower Show Syria 2010, pembeli dari Syria baru melakukan pencobaan sebagai contoh dengan nilai sebesar US$2500.

Untuk produksi tanaman hias Indonesia tumbuh secara mengesankan dalam beberapa tahun terakhir dan telah memberikan kontribusi pada PDB yang juga meningkat setiap tahun. Pada tahun 2000 kontribusi pada PDB mencapai Rp 2,8 trilyun dan menjadi Rp 4,6 trilyun pada tahun 2004 serta diperkirakan akan menjadi Rp 7,7 trilyun pada tahun 2008 dengan laju pertumbuhan sebesar 13,6% per tahun. Diharapkan dalam event pameran internasional berikutnya dapat memberikan dampak yang positif bagi Agribisnis tanaman hias. Untuk dunia tanaman hias juga amat terkait dengan usaha transportasi darat, laut dan udara. Karena untuk menunjang hasil akhir produk florikultura membutuhkan pendistribusian pengangkutan ke tempat tujuan. Apabila semua itu dikembangkan secara terpadu, jelas pada gilirannya kemudian akan membantu perekonomian Indonesia dan bahkan dapat memberikan masukan devisa bagi negara. (Sources: Realisasi hasil pameranagro21, data berbagai sumber terkait, diolah oleh F. Hero K. Purba)


* Strategi Ekspansi Agribisnis Buah Indonesia dalam Potensi Pasar China pada event World Expo Shanghai, China
* Keikutsertaan Indonesia dalam Promosi Kopi Indonesia pada event Triestespresso Expo 2010
* Potensi Pasar Agribisnis Indonesia dalam Peluang Diversifikasi Pasar ke Asia Tengah dan Selatan
* Peluang Potensi Pasar Indonesia ke Belgia dalam event Pameran Brussel Innova (Innovation Research and New Technologies 59th Edition), Belgia
* Potensi Kerjasama Indonesia-Turki dan Peluang Pasar pada event “The 18th International Food Exhibition and Processing Technologies”, GIDA 2010 Expo, Istambul, Turki
* Peluang Ekspor Agribisnis Indonesia ke Rusia dalam Event The 12th Russian Agricultural Exhibition “Golden Autumn” 2010
* Potensi Budidaya Florikultura Indonesia bermitra dengan Pelaku usaha Jepang dalam Ekspansi Pasar Ekspor
* Peluang Akses Pasar Produk Pertanian Organik Indonesia pada promosi event Biofach Japan 2010
* Ekspansi Pasar dan Promosi Produk Pertanian Indonesia dalam rangka CAEXPO VII 2010, Nanning, China
* Potensi Pasar Agribisnis Indonesia dalam Ekspansi Ekspor Produk di Pasar Asia Tengah


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